En analysant le programme, on peux obtenir les strings de ce dernier :

0x004014b0]> iz
[Strings]
nth paddr      vaddr      len  size section type    string
――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――
0   0x0000e600 0x00410000 18   19   .rdata  ascii   libgcc_s_dw2-1.dll
1   0x0000e613 0x00410013 21   22   .rdata  ascii   __register_frame_info
2   0x0000e629 0x00410029 23   24   .rdata  ascii   __deregister_frame_info
3   0x0000e647 0x00410047 13   14   .rdata  ascii   .\\challenge.c
4   0x0000e655 0x00410055 26   27   .rdata  ascii   !my_strcmp(response, "Ok")
5   0x0000e67a 0x0041007a 5    6    .rdata  ascii   okPR3
6   0x0000e710 0x00410110 4    5    .rdata  ascii   lpHP
7   0x0000e7bb 0x004101bb 9    10   .rdata  ascii   cU!\\f}c|w{
8   0x0000e808 0x00410208 4    6    .rdata  utf8    R;) blocks=Basic Latin,Hebrew
9   0x0000e817 0x00410217 7    9    .rdata  utf8    [j˾9JLX blocks=Basic Latin,Spacing Modifier Letters
10  0x0000e848 0x00410248 5    7    .rdata  utf8    ħ~=d] blocks=Latin Extended-A,Basic Latin
11  0x0000e861 0x00410261 4    5    .rdata  ascii   2:\\nI
12  0x0000e8e0 0x004102e0 9    20   .rdata  utf16le 10.0.2.15
13  0x0000e8f4 0x004102f4 4    10   .rdata  utf16le POST
14  0x0000e900 0x00410300 49   100  .rdata  utf16le Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded\\r\\n
15  0x0000e964 0x00410364 5    6    .rdata  ascii   [6UV.
16  0x0000e96a 0x0041036a 5    6    .rdata  ascii   %s %c
17  0x0000e972 0x00410372 5    6    .rdata  ascii   %s\\%s
18  0x0000e978 0x00410378 8    9    .rdata  ascii   aaaaaaa\\n
19  0x0000e984 0x00410384 4    5    .rdata  ascii   ..V6
20  0x0000e9a0 0x004103a0 31   32   .rdata  ascii   %u:%u: Unexpected EOF in string
21  0x0000e9c0 0x004103c0 35   36   .rdata  ascii   %u:%u: Invalid character value `%c`
22  0x0000e9e4 0x004103e4 38   39   .rdata  ascii   %u:%u: Unexpected EOF in block comment
23  0x0000ea0c 0x0041040c 31   32   .rdata  ascii   %u:%u: Comment not allowed here
24  0x0000ea2c 0x0041042c 21   22   .rdata  ascii   %u:%u: EOF unexpected
25  0x0000ea44 0x00410444 50   51   .rdata  ascii   %u:%u: Unexpected `%c` in comment opening sequence
26  0x0000ea77 0x00410477 29   30   .rdata  ascii   %u:%u: Trailing garbage: `%c`
27  0x0000ea95 0x00410495 21   22   .rdata  ascii   %u:%u: Unexpected `]`
28  0x0000eaac 0x004104ac 31   32   .rdata  ascii   %u:%u: Expected `,` before `%c`
29  0x0000eacc 0x004104cc 31   32   .rdata  ascii   %u:%u: Expected `:` before `%c`
30  0x0000eaec 0x004104ec 41   42   .rdata  ascii   %u:%u: Unexpected `%c` when seeking value
31  0x0000eb18 0x00410518 30   31   .rdata  ascii   %u:%u: Expected `,` before `"`
32  0x0000eb38 0x00410538 32   33   .rdata  ascii   %u:%u: Unexpected `%c` in object
33  0x0000eb5c 0x0041055c 33   34   .rdata  ascii   %u:%u: Unexpected `0` before `%c`
34  0x0000eb80 0x00410580 32   33   .rdata  ascii   %u:%u: Expected digit before `.`
35  0x0000eba4 0x004105a4 31   32   .rdata  ascii   %u:%u: Expected digit after `.`
36  0x0000ebc4 0x004105c4 31   32   .rdata  ascii   %u:%u: Expected digit after `e`
37  0x0000ebe4 0x004105e4 20   21   .rdata  ascii   %u:%u: Unknown value
38  0x0000ebfc 0x004105fc 33   34   .rdata  ascii   %u:%u: Too long (caught overflow)
39  0x0000eda0 0x004107a0 4    5    .rdata  ascii   \\n\\v\\f\\r
40  0x0000edc0 0x004107c0 4    5    .rdata  ascii   \\n\\v\\f\\r
41  0x0000ede0 0x004107e0 131  132  .rdata  ascii   ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789+/ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789+/ h@
42  0x0000ee7c 0x0041087c 13   14   .rdata  ascii   Unknown error
43  0x0000ee8c 0x0041088c 42   43   .rdata  ascii   _matherr(): %s in %s(%g, %g)  (retval=%g)\\n
44  0x0000eeb8 0x004108b8 30   31   .rdata  ascii   Argument domain error (DOMAIN)
45  0x0000eed7 0x004108d7 27   28   .rdata  ascii   Argument singularity (SIGN)
46  0x0000eef4 0x004108f4 31   32   .rdata  ascii   Overflow range error (OVERFLOW)
47  0x0000ef14 0x00410914 53   54   .rdata  ascii   The result is too small to be represented (UNDERFLOW)
48  0x0000ef4c 0x0041094c 34   35   .rdata  ascii   Total loss of significance (TLOSS)
49  0x0000ef70 0x00410970 36   37   .rdata  ascii   Partial loss of significance (PLOSS)
50  0x0000efb0 0x004109b0 27   28   .rdata  ascii   Mingw-w64 runtime failure:\\n
51  0x0000efcc 0x004109cc 31   32   .rdata  ascii   Address %p has no image-section
52  0x0000efec 0x004109ec 48   49   .rdata  ascii     VirtualQuery failed for %d bytes at address %p
53  0x0000f020 0x00410a20 38   39   .rdata  ascii     VirtualProtect failed with code 0x%x
54  0x0000f048 0x00410a48 49   50   .rdata  ascii     Unknown pseudo relocation protocol version %d.\\n
55  0x0000f07c 0x00410a7c 41   42   .rdata  ascii     Unknown pseudo relocation bit size %d.\\n
56  0x0000f0a8 0x00410aa8 82   83   .rdata  ascii   %d bit pseudo relocation at %p out of range, targeting %p, yielding the value %p.\\n
57  0x0000f144 0x00410b44 6    7    .rdata  ascii   (null)
58  0x0000f14c 0x00410b4c 6    14   .rdata  utf16le (null)
59  0x0000f2d0 0x00410cd0 8    9    .rdata  ascii   Infinity
60  0x0000f2e8 0x00410ce8 4    5    .rdata  ascii   aCoc
61  0x0000f307 0x00410d07 5    6    .rdata  ascii   <2ZGU
62  0x0000f3bc 0x00410dbc 4    5    .rdata  ascii   vH7B
63  0x0000f3ec 0x00410dec 4    5    .rdata  ascii   W4vC
64  0x0000f3f2 0x00410df2 5    7    .rdata  utf8    NgmkC
65  0x0000f43e 0x00410e3e 4    5    .rdata  ascii   [%Co
66  0x0000f475 0x00410e75 4    5    .rdata  ascii   O8M2
67  0x0000f4a0 0x00410ea0 10   22   .rdata  utf16le msvcrt.dll
68  0x0000f4b6 0x00410eb6 19   20   .rdata  ascii   ___lc_codepage_func
69  0x0000f4ca 0x00410eca 13   14   .rdata  ascii   __lc_codepage
70  0x0000f4d8 0x00410ed8 42   43   .rdata  ascii   GCC: (Rev4, Built by MSYS2 project) 12.2.0
71  0x0000f504 0x00410f04 42   43   .rdata  ascii   GCC: (Rev4, Built by MSYS2 project) 12.2.0
72  0x0000f530 0x00410f30 42   43   .rdata  ascii   GCC: (Rev4, Built by MSYS2 project) 12.2.0
73  0x0000f55c 0x00410f5c 42   43   .rdata  ascii   GCC: (Rev4, Built by MSYS2 project) 12.2.0
74  0x0000f588 0x00410f88 42   43   .rdata  ascii   GCC: (Rev4, Built by MSYS2 project) 12.2.0
75  0x0000f5b4 0x00410fb4 42   43   .rdata  ascii   GCC: (Rev4, Built by MSYS2 project) 12.2.0
76  0x0000f5e0 0x00410fe0 42   43   .rdata  ascii   GCC: (Rev4, Built by MSYS2 project) 12.2.0
77  0x0000f60c 0x0041100c 42   43   .rdata  ascii   GCC: (Rev4, Built by MSYS2 project) 12.2.0
78  0x0000f638 0x00411038 42   43   .rdata  ascii   GCC: (Rev4, Built by MSYS2 project) 12.2.0
79  0x0000f664 0x00411064 42   43   .rdata  ascii   GCC: (Rev4, Built by MSYS2 project) 12.2.0
80  0x0000f690 0x00411090 42   43   .rdata  ascii   GCC: (Rev4, Built by MSYS2 project) 12.2.0
81  0x0000f6bc 0x004110bc 42   43   .rdata  ascii   GCC: (Rev4, Built by MSYS2 project) 12.2.0
82  0x0000f6e8 0x004110e8 42   43   .rdata  ascii   GCC: (Rev4, Built by MSYS2 project) 12.2.0
83  0x0000f714 0x00411114 42   43   .rdata  ascii   GCC: (Rev4, Built by MSYS2 project) 12.2.0
84  0x0000f740 0x00411140 42   43   .rdata  ascii   GCC: (Rev4, Built by MSYS2 project) 12.2.0
85  0x0000f76c 0x0041116c 42   43   .rdata  ascii   GCC: (Rev4, Built by MSYS2 project) 12.2.0
86  0x0000f798 0x00411198 42   43   .rdata  ascii   GCC: (Rev4, Built by MSYS2 project) 12.2.0
87  0x0000f7c4 0x004111c4 42   43   .rdata  ascii   GCC: (Rev4, Built by MSYS2 project) 12.2.0
88  0x0000f7f0 0x004111f0 42   43   .rdata  ascii   GCC: (Rev4, Built by MSYS2 project) 12.2.0
89  0x0000f81c 0x0041121c 42   43   .rdata  ascii   GCC: (Rev4, Built by MSYS2 project) 12.2.0
90  0x0000f848 0x00411248 42   43   .rdata  ascii   GCC: (Rev4, Built by MSYS2 project) 12.2.0
91  0x0000f874 0x00411274 42   43   .rdata  ascii   GCC: (Rev4, Built by MSYS2 project) 12.2.0
92  0x0000f8a0 0x004112a0 42   43   .rdata  ascii   GCC: (Rev4, Built by MSYS2 project) 12.2.0
93  0x0000f8cc 0x004112cc 42   43   .rdata  ascii   GCC: (Rev4, Built by MSYS2 project) 12.2.0
94  0x0000f8f8 0x004112f8 42   43   .rdata  ascii   GCC: (Rev4, Built by MSYS2 project) 12.2.0
95  0x0000f924 0x00411324 42   43   .rdata  ascii   GCC: (Rev4, Built by MSYS2 project) 12.2.0
96  0x0000f950 0x00411350 42   43   .rdata  ascii   GCC: (Rev4, Built by MSYS2 project) 12.2.0
97  0x0000f97c 0x0041137c 42   43   .rdata  ascii   GCC: (Rev4, Built by MSYS2 project) 12.2.0
98  0x0000f9a8 0x004113a8 42   43   .rdata  ascii   GCC: (Rev4, Built by MSYS2 project) 12.2.0
99  0x0000f9d4 0x004113d4 42   43   .rdata  ascii   GCC: (Rev4, Built by MSYS2 project) 12.2.0
100 0x0000fa00 0x00411400 42   43   .rdata  ascii   GCC: (Rev4, Built by MSYS2 project) 12.2.0
101 0x0000fa2c 0x0041142c 42   43   .rdata  ascii   GCC: (Rev4, Built by MSYS2 project) 12.2.0
102 0x0000fa58 0x00411458 42   43   .rdata  ascii   GCC: (Rev4, Built by MSYS2 project) 12.2.0
103 0x0000fa84 0x00411484 42   43   .rdata  ascii   GCC: (Rev4, Built by MSYS2 project) 12.2.0
104 0x0000fab0 0x004114b0 42   43   .rdata  ascii   GCC: (Rev4, Built by MSYS2 project) 12.2.0
105 0x0000fadc 0x004114dc 42   43   .rdata  ascii   GCC: (Rev4, Built by MSYS2 project) 12.2.0
106 0x0000fb08 0x00411508 42   43   .rdata  ascii   GCC: (Rev4, Built by MSYS2 project) 12.2.0
107 0x0000fb34 0x00411534 42   43   .rdata  ascii   GCC: (Rev4, Built by MSYS2 project) 12.2.0
108 0x0000fb60 0x00411560 42   43   .rdata  ascii   GCC: (Rev4, Built by MSYS2 project) 12.2.0
109 0x0000fb8c 0x0041158c 42   43   .rdata  ascii   GCC: (Rev4, Built by MSYS2 project) 12.2.0
110 0x0000fbb8 0x004115b8 42   43   .rdata  ascii   GCC: (Rev4, Built by MSYS2 project) 12.2.0
111 0x0000fbe4 0x004115e4 42   43   .rdata  ascii   GCC: (Rev4, Built by MSYS2 project) 12.2.0
112 0x0000fc10 0x00411610 42   43   .rdata  ascii   GCC: (Rev4, Built by MSYS2 project) 12.2.0
113 0x0000fc3c 0x0041163c 42   43   .rdata  ascii   GCC: (Rev4, Built by MSYS2 project) 12.2.0
114 0x0000fc68 0x00411668 42   43   .rdata  ascii   GCC: (Rev4, Built by MSYS2 project) 12.2.0
115 0x0000fc94 0x00411694 42   43   .rdata  ascii   GCC: (Rev4, Built by MSYS2 project) 12.2.0
116 0x0000fcc0 0x004116c0 42   43   .rdata  ascii   GCC: (Rev4, Built by MSYS2 project) 12.2.0
117 0x0000fcec 0x004116ec 42   43   .rdata  ascii   GCC: (Rev4, Built by MSYS2 project) 12.2.0
118 0x0000fd18 0x00411718 42   43   .rdata  ascii   GCC: (Rev4, Built by MSYS2 project) 12.2.0
119 0x0000fd44 0x00411744 42   43   .rdata  ascii   GCC: (Rev4, Built by MSYS2 project) 12.2.0
120 0x0000fd70 0x00411770 42   43   .rdata  ascii   GCC: (Rev4, Built by MSYS2 project) 12.2.0
0   0x00012c58 0x00419058 1167 1168 .rsrc   ascii   <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"?>\\n<assembly xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:asm.v1" manifestVersion="1.0">\\n  <trustInfo xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:asm.v3">\\n    <security>\\n      <requestedPrivileges>\\n        <requestedExecutionLevel level="asInvoker"/>\\n      </requestedPrivileges>\\n    </security>\\n  </trustInfo>\\n  <compatibility xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:compatibility.v1">\\n    <application>\\n      <!--The ID below indicates application support for Windows Vista -->\\n      <supportedOS Id="{e2011457-1546-43c5-a5fe-008deee3d3f0}"/>\\n      <!--The ID below indicates application support for Windows 7 -->\\n      <supportedOS Id="{35138b9a-5d96-4fbd-8e2d-a2440225f93a}"/>\\n      <!--The ID below indicates application support for Windows 8 -->\\n      <supportedOS Id="{4a2f28e3-53b9-4441-ba9c-d69d4a4a6e38}"/>\\n      <!--The ID below indicates application support for Windows 8.1 -->\\n      <supportedOS Id="{1f676c76-80e1-4239-95bb-83d0f6d0da78}"/> \\n      <!--The ID below indicates application support for Windows 10 -->\\n      <supportedOS Id="{8e0f7a12-bfb3-4fe8-b9a5-48fd50a15a9a}"/> \\n    </application>\\n  </compatibility>\\n</assembly>\\n

On peut obtenir une information intéressante sur les métadonnées du programe

[0x004014b0]> i
fd       3
file     ./challenge.exe
size     0x13c0e
humansz  79.0K
minopsz  1
maxopsz  16
invopsz  1
mode     r-x
format   pe
iorw     false
block    0x100
type     EXEC (Executable file)
arch     x86
baddr    0x400000
binsz    80910
bintype  pe
bits     32
canary   false
retguard false
class    PE32
cmp.csum 0x00014634
compiled Tue Jan 10 05:21:27 2023
crypto   false
endian   little
havecode true
hdr.csum 0x00014634
laddr    0x0
lang     c
linenum  true
lsyms    true
machine  i386
nx       true
os       windows
overlay  true
cc       cdecl
pic      true
relocs   false
signed   false
sanitize false
static   false
stripped true
subsys   Windows CUI
va       true